Writing with Clarity and Confidence

Learn how to write with clarity and confidence by removing unnecessary words, choosing active voice, and using plain language that connects with every reader.

Professional writing should be concise, readable, and purposeful. Many workplace documents become ineffective because they’re overloaded with jargon or unnecessary words. Writing Essentials emphasizes how to declutter and clarify your writing using principles from the Federal Plain Language Guidelines, helping every message sound confident and direct.

Simplify Without Losing Substance

Wordy sentences often hide the main idea. To strengthen your writing, focus on:

  • Active voice: “My supervisor approved the memo” is clearer than “The memo was approved by my supervisor.”
  • Hidden verbs: Turn nouns back into actions, say “We analyzed the data” instead of “We conducted an analysis of the data.”
  • Subject–Verb–Object order: Place the subject first to make each sentence direct and easy to read.

By choosing precise words and natural phrasing, writers can maintain professionalism without sounding stiff or overly formal.

Make Your Message Conversational

Writing that mimics spoken language feels approachable and human. Replace bureaucratic expressions with clear alternatives — “use” instead of “utilize,” “because” instead of “due to the fact that,” and “soon” instead of “in the near future.” Plain, conversational writing saves time for readers and improves engagement across teams.

Aim for Precision

Every word should have purpose. Precise writing shows confidence and eliminates confusion. For example:

  • Vague: “We saw improvement.”
  • Precise: “The project’s success rate increased by 12 percent.”

When writers use precise and conversational language, their work becomes not only more readable but also more persuasive.

photo of Heather Murphy Capps

Heather Murphy Capps

Heather is an instructor and program manager at Graduate School USA, where she has served since 2008, teaching in the areas of Leadership and Management while also developing course content for the Center for Leadership and Management. An education and media professional with more than 30 years of experience, she brings a diverse background in teaching, professional skills training, broadcast journalism, and public relations.

Her education career began with a teaching stint in a Western Kenya high school. After returning to the United States, she earned a Master’s degree in journalism and built a dual-track career as a television and radio journalist while teaching high school and university students in writing, politics, and journalism.

In the early 2000s, Heather stepped away from her news career to serve as Press Secretary to the Mayor of Jacksonville and as the Special Projects Director for the Jacksonville Super Bowl Host Committee. In these roles, she led major public relations and media outreach initiatives to elevate the city’s visibility, strengthen its public image, and enhance hospitality efforts in advance of Super Bowl XXXIX.

Heather holds a bachelor’s degree in political science from Bryn Mawr College and a Master of Science in journalism from Boston University.

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